在乙酸钠存在下,芳基醛酮和 酰基甘氨酸在乙酸酐中缩合得到5-噁唑酮(吖内酯,azlactones)的反应,称为 Erlenmeyer-Plöchl反应。Plöchl在1883年报道了芳醛和马尿酸在乙酸酐中缩合的反应,1892年Erlenmeyer进一步研究了此反应,修正了产物的结构,并创造了一个新的词“azlactone”命名这一产物,此反应也常被称为 Erlenmeyer-Plöchl吖内酯合成。缩合得到产物应该是Z构型。 产物噁 唑酮4-arylideneoxazolones(4)还原后水解可得到氨基酸。反应是一种非常重要的合成α-氨基酸的方法。
如α-苯丙氨酸的合成
首先甘氨酸与苯甲酰氯反应生成苯甲酰甘氨酸(俗称马尿酸),然后在醋酸酐的作用下苯甲酰甘氨酸环化,脱去一个水分子生成噁唑酮,杂环上的亚甲基H具有一定的酸性,在碱性条件下与苯甲醛进行缩合反应,再进行催化加氢,最后水解得到目标产物α-苯丙氨酸。
反应机理
反应机理同【 Perkin反应 】
反应实例
【Org. Synth. Coll. II , 1943, 55 】
Bis-oxazolone (6).A mixture of hippuric acid 1 (2.15 g, 12.0 mmol) and Pb(OAc)2 (650 mg, 2.0 mmol)in Ac2O (5 mL) was heated with stirring until a clear orange solution was obtained. This was added to asolution of dialdehyde 5 (512 mg, 2.0 mmol) in Ac2O (10 mL) under N2. More Ac2O (5 mL) was addedand the reaction mixture was refluxed (138 ℃) under N2 for 24 h. It was then cooled in an ice bath and filtered to get a heavy yellow precipitate which was washed with cold Ac2O. The yellow amorphous solid was dissolved in CHCl3 (750 mL), washed with water, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a yellow paste which was triturated with EA to afford 6 (746 mg, 69%). mp 279–281 ℃.
【 J Org Chem. , 1999, 64, 2500】
【 J. Fluorine Chem. 2002, 115, 27-32】
【 Tet Lett. , 2010, 51, 1533】
相关文献
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